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Recently I wrote a detailed article on using VMware Fusion and Parallels Desktop on the Mac. These two programs are virtualization solutions—they allow one “host” operating system (Mac OS X) to run any number of other “guest” operating systems (Windows, Linux, DOS, etc.) within the host operating system. As described in the article, the primary reason many individuals do this is to run some version of Windows on their Macs to gain access to programs that aren’t available on the Mac. But there’s something else you can do with virtualization software—virtualize the same operating system that you’re currently running.
- The Mac recovery partition is an alternative method of restoring system software without the use of an installation DVD. The partition allows you to repair or erase your hard drive and install a new copy of the operating system. You can also use the partition to restore your Mac from a Time Machine backup.
- On your Mac, choose Apple menu System Preferences, then click Users & Groups. If the lock at the bottom left is locked, click it to unlock the preference pane. Click the Add button below the list of users. Click the New Account pop-up menu, then choose a type of user.
For instance, if you’re running Windows XP, you could install a Windows virtualization application (there are a number of such products, including VirtualPC from Microsoft), and then install Windows XP as a virtual installation. You must, of course, then have two licenses for Windows XP, as you’ll occasionally be using two copies of the OS at once. So why might you want to do this?
For one thing, by running a virtual copy of your core OS, you can safely experiment with new software packages. Before you install some complex new app, create a snapshot of your virtual machine, then install the program and test. If things go poorly, you can revert to the saved snapshot in a matter of a few mouse clicks. Or perhaps you’ve read about some Windows registry tweak that will improve performance, and you want to test it before you apply it to your “real” machine. Another possible use, especially in a world filled with ‘drive by’ malware infestations on poorly-protetected Windows machines, would be to do your casual browsing on a browser running in a virtual machine. If the virtual machine becomes infected, your main OS will not—and you can then revert the virtual machine, or if it’s beyond salvation, just throw it away and start over. Finally, virtual copies of your real OS are great “playgrounds” to help learn about the OS without fear of breaking things badly if you make a really bad mistake.
With Windows XP, Microsoft allowed (or more specifically, didn’t disallow) virtualization of the OS. (They also allow it with their Windows server products.) When Windows Vista shipped, however, things changed. The new Vista license only allowed the Ultimate and Business versions of the OS to be installed as guest operating systems within a virtualization program. The Home Basic and Home Premium licenses explicitly forbid their use in virtualization programs. This change was not greeted well by consumers.
It was received so poorly, in fact, that Microsoft changed the rules in January, allowing Home Basic and Premium to be used in virtualization applications. So now, regardless of whether you have Windows XP or Vista, Server or Client, in any version, you can use it in a virtualization program.
If only the same were true of OS X.
Whether you're at home or at work, Mac OS shouldn't be difficult to use. We've built complex networks of iMacs, Mac Minis, and MacBook Pros for homes and businesses in Albuquerque since 2009. Nerds LTD: we build, fix, teach, audit, and develop technology to suit you at work & home on-site or remotely.
Until recently, in fact, OS X wasn’t legally usable in any virtualization application. That changed for OS X Server with the release of OS X 10.5—its license allows for multiple installs on the same Mac. Again, you’ll need to have a license for each installation, but this is great news for those who run multiple server installations. In many cases, you may be running servers that have relatively light loads, and don’t merit a full hardware box of their own. As of OS X 10.5 Server, you can install such servers alongside other licensed copies of OS X Server on the same piece of hardware, assuming you have a virtualization solution to do just that.
Enter VMware and Parallels. Both companies have products in the works that will allow for multiple installations of OS X Server on any Mac that’s capable of running their products. Soon you’ll be able to install OS X Server on a virtual machine running on anything from an Intel-powered mini up to the latest Xserves. While this is wonderful news for those who use OS X Server, it still leaves Apple trailing Microsoft in one key area: virtualizing non-server versions of the OS.
As I described above, being able to run a virtual machine version of your desktop OS is a very useful capability. Unfortunately, for those of us who use non-server versions of OS X, we won’t be able to do this (unless we’re willing to pay for OS X Server, of course). Unlike the server license, there was no change in the OS X client license with the release of 10.5. As such, neither Parallels or VMware will allow the installation of OS X client on their upcoming products, respecting the terms in Apple’s license agreement.
As a consumer, this is a frustrating situation. There are many valid reasons to install a virtual copy of OS X, but between the company’s license terms and the installation limits in VMware and Parallels’ upcoming products, it just can’t be done. It’s not very often I find myself saying this, but this is one time I really hope Apple copies Microsoft. Apple, please change your license agreement and allow consumers to legally install OS X 10.5 client on virtual machines. You’ve seen the light with Server, but understand that consumers will also benefit greatly from a similar change in the license agreement for non-server versions of OS X.
Develop, build, test, and sign Apple apps on Amazon EC2
Amazon EC2 Mac instances enable customers to run on-demand macOS workloads in the cloud for the first time, extending the flexibility, scalability, and cost benefits of AWS to all Apple developers. With EC2 Mac instances, developers creating apps for iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch, Apple TV, and Safari can provision and access macOS environments within minutes, dynamically scale capacity as needed, and benefit from AWS’s pay-as-you-go pricing.
![Limited Mac OS Limited Mac OS](https://photos5.appleinsider.com/gallery/27789-42042-0A78A024-60C1-4BF9-B3FB-D18D96C86F17-l.jpg)
Powered by AWS Nitro System, EC2 Mac instances are built on Apple Mac mini computers featuring Intel Core i7 processors, and offer customers a choice of macOS Mojave (10.14), macOS Catalina (10.15), and macOS Big Sur (11.2.1). Access the Amazon EC2 Mac User Guide here.
Benefits
Quickly provision macOS environments
Time and resources previously spent building and maintaining on-premises macOS environments can now be refocused on building creative and useful apps. Development teams can now seamlessly provision and access macOS compute environments to enjoy convenient, distributed testing and fast app builds, bringing additional choice to developers so they can use Mac as their trusted platform, on-premises or in the cloud. EC2 Mac instances offload the heavy lifting that comes with managing infrastructure to AWS, which means Apple developers can focus entirely on building great apps.
Reduce costs
EC2 Mac instances allow developers to launch macOS environments within minutes, adjust provisioned capacity as needed, and only pay for actual usage with AWS’s pay-as-you-go pricing. Developers save money since they only need to pay for the systems that are in use. For example, more capacity can be used when building an app, and less capacity when testing.
Extend your toolkits
EC2 Mac instances provide developers with seamless access to dozens of AWS services so they can more easily and efficiently collaborate with team members, and develop, build, test, analyze, and improve their apps. Similar to other EC2 instances, customers can easily use EC2 Mac instances together with AWS services and features like Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) for network security, Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS) for expandable storage, Amazon Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) for distributing build queues, Amazon FSx for scalable file storage, and AWS Systems Manager (SSM) for configuring, managing, and patching macOS environments.
Features
Built on Apple Mac hardware
Amazon EC2 Mac instances are built on Apple Mac mini computers, featuring 8th Generation 3.2GHz (4.6GHz turbo) Intel Core i7 processors with 6 physical/12 logical cores, and 32GiB of Memory.
Enabled by the AWS Nitro System
The AWS Nitro System is a rich collection of building blocks that offloads many of the traditional software-defined functions to dedicated hardware and software to deliver high performance, high availability, and high security. Amazon EC2 Mac instances are uniquely enabled by the AWS Nitro System, which makes it possible to offer Mac mini computers as fully integrated and managed EC2 instances to provide 10 Gbps of VPC network bandwidth and 8 Gbps of EBS storage bandwidth.
Scaled on highly reliable infrastructure
EC2 Mac instances are designed so that customers can build critical applications with confidence. AWS has the most secure, extensive, and reliable global infrastructure for running workloads that require high availability, and is recognized as an industry leader for uptime standards. EC2 Mac instances enable your macOS workloads to benefit from the scale, elasticity, reliability, and experience that AWS’s secure, on-demand infrastructure has offered to millions of customers for more than a decade.
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Product Details
Instance Size | vCPU | Memory (GiB) | Instance Storage | Network Bandwidth (Gbps) | EBS Bandwidth (Mbps) | EBS IOPS (16k block) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mac1.metal | 12 | 32 | EBS-Only | 10 | 8,000 | 80,000 |
Pricing
EC2 Mac instances are available for purchase as Dedicated Hosts through On Demand and Savings Plans pricing models. Billing for EC2 Mac instances is per second with a 24-hour minimum allocation period to comply with the Apple macOS Software License Agreement. Through On Demand, you can launch an EC2 Mac host and be up and running within minutes. At the end of the 24-hour minimum allocation period, the host can be released at any time without further commitment. With Savings Plans, you can save up to 44% off On Demand pricing with a 3-year commitment. Both Compute and Instance Savings Plans are available. For more information on Dedicated Hosts, please see the Dedicated Hosts product page. In addition to the table below, you can also access EC2 Mac pricing on the AWS Pricing Calculator for Dedicated Hosts.
- North America (N. Virginia, Ohio, Oregon)
3-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.083 $0.611 $0.650 $0.702 $0.764 $0.780 $0.842 Savings over On-Demand N/A 44% 40% 35% 29% 28% 22% 1-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.083 $0.849 $0.867 $0.910 $1.019 $1.040 $1.083 Savings over On-Demand N/A 22% 20% 16% 6% 4% 0% 3-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.354 $0.764 $0.812 $0.764 $0.955 $0.975 $1.053 Savings over On-Demand N/A 44% 40% 35% 29% 28% 22% 1-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.354 $1.062 $1.083 $1.137 $1.274 $1.300 $1.354 Savings over On-Demand N/A 22% 20% 16% 6% 4% 0% 3-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.207 $0.681 $0.724 $0.782 $0.852 $0.869 $0.939 Savings over On-Demand N/A 44% 40% 35% 29% 28% 22% 1-year term Purchase Option On-Demand Instance Savings Plan Compute Savings Plan Terms Pay-as-you-go All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront All Upfront Partial upfront No Upfront Price per Hour $1.207 $0.947 $0.996 $1.104 $1.136 $1.159 $1.207 Savings over On-Demand N/A 22% 20% 16% 6% 4% 0%
Customers
'Intuit is a mission-driven, global financial platform company. Its products - including TurboTax, QuickBooks, and Mint - are designed to empower more than 50 million consumer, small business and self-employed customers around the world to improve their financial lives. EC2 Mac instances, with their familiar EC2 interfaces and APIs, have enabled us to seamlessly migrate our existing iOS and macOS build-and-test pipelines to AWS, altogether improving developer productivity. We’re experiencing up to 30 percent better performance over our data center infrastructure, thanks to elastic capacity expansion, and a high availability setup leveraging multiple zones. We’re now running around 80 percent of our production builds on EC2 Mac instances, and are excited to see what the future holds for AWS innovation in this space.'
Pratik Wadher, VP of Product Development, Intuit
Listen to Pratik Wadher, the VP of Product Development at Intuit, describe how and why Intuit is using Amazon EC2 Mac instances.
“FiLMiC, Inc. is the creator of the award-winning mobile cinema camera app, FiLMiC Pro. With a global team of filmmakers, photographers, creatives and software developers who share the same passion for mobile cinema and content creation, FiLMiC has designed what has become the industry's most sought-after app that transforms a simple mobile device into a cinematic film camera. Amazon EC2 Mac instances give us the ability to scale up our continuous integration build farm in order to quickly go through development, testing and TestFlight stages. This leads to better velocity and more time working on the fun stuff.”
Seth Faxon, iOS Development Manager, FiLMiC
“At Ring, we are committed to making home and neighborhood security accessible and effective for everyone while working hard to bring communities together. EC2 Mac instances will allow us to migrate our Apple build infrastructure to AWS, unlocking the scalability, reliability, security, and capabilities of AWS for all our Apple developers. These EC2 Mac instances will also let us quickly scale up our Mac build fleet whenever we need it, simplify cross-platform app development through consolidation on a single infrastructure provider, and ultimately accelerate innovations for thousands of our Apple customers.”
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Joshua Roth, CTO
Resources
Amazon EC2 Mac Instances now support macOS Big Sur
Integrating EC2 macOS workers with EKS and Jenkins
November 30th, 2020
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Use Amazon EC2 Mac Instances to Build & Test macOS, iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, and watchOS Apps
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